Under construction. Target completion: May 2026. Expect occasional issues. You may continue using cusp.umn.edu until porting is finished.

Design of Electric Machines

This course teaches the design process for electric motors and generators based upon fundamental therories. It supplements electric machine theory for advanced courses in electric machines.

Instructor
Objectives
  • A thorough knowledge of the design procedures in design of the electric machines.
  • Get a general idea on topics like mechanical, manufacturing and future challenges for machine design.
Textbooks

Design of Brushless Permanent-Magnet Motors Get access Arrow

J R Hendershot, TJE Miller · Oxford Science

View textbook →
Modules
1 Module 01: Electric Machine Design - History & Introduction
Download slide

Description: Introduction to the history of electric machines and an overview of the course scope, covering the evolution of motor technology and fundamental design principles.

2 Module 02: Basic Electric Motor and Generator Theory
Download slide

Description: Foundational theory of electromechanical energy conversion, explaining the physics behind how motors and generators operate.

3 Module 03: Three Phase Power Converter Control Strategies
Download slide

Description: Overview of power electronics used to drive machines, focusing on three-phase inverters and control strategies for different machine types.

4 Module 04: Practical Design Process for Electrical Machines
Download slide

Description: Outlines the step-by-step engineering workflow for designing an electric machine, from specifications to final prototyping.

5 Module 05: Electric Machine Sizing
Download slide

Description: Methodologies for determining the initial physical dimensions of a machine based on torque and power requirements.

6 Module 06: Losses in Electric Machines
Download slide

Description: Detailed analysis of various loss mechanisms in motors, including copper, iron (core), friction, and windage losses.

7 Module 07: Analytical Design Method vs. FEA Analysis
Download slide

Description: Comparison of traditional analytical sizing calculations versus modern Finite Element Analysis (FEA) for magnetic simulation.

8 Module 08: Electric Machine Performance
Download slide

Description: Discussion on key performance metrics such as efficiency maps, torque-speed envelopes, and thermal limits.

9 Module 09: Magnetic Materials for Electric Machines
Download slide

Description: Study of soft and hard magnetic materials, including electrical steels and permanent magnet grades (Neodymium, Ferrite).

10 Module 10: Selection of Phases, Poles, Stator & Rotor Slots
Download slide

Description: Guidelines for selecting the optimal combination of pole counts and slot numbers to minimize cogging torque and noise.

11 Module 11: Stator Configuration Design Criteria
Download slide

Description: Criteria for designing the stator geometry to optimize flux path and structural integrity.

12 Module 12: Stator Laminations & Core Design Studies
Download slide

Description: Deep dive into lamination stacking, material selection, and stacking factors for the stator core.

13 Module 13: Stator Insulation System vs. Voltage & Temperature
Download slide

Description: Analysis of insulation materials, classes, and failure modes related to voltage stress and thermal cycling.

14 Module 14: Stator Phase Circuits & Coil Design (Part 1)
Download slide

Description: Fundamentals of winding layout, including coil span, pitch, and connection diagrams.

15 Module 15: Stator Phase Circuits & Coil Design (Part 2)
Download slide

Description: Advanced winding techniques, including distributed vs. concentrated windings and their effect on machine performance.

16 Module 16: Introduction to Poly-Phase Induction Machines
Download slide

Description: Introduction to the most common industrial motor, the squirrel-cage induction machine.

17 Module 17: Poly-Phase Induction Machine Theory
Download slide

Description: Detailed theory of operation for induction machines, including rotating magnetic fields and torque production.

18 Module 18: Phase Induction Machine Design Strategy
Download slide

Description: Strategies for designing induction machines to meet specific load requirements like starting torque and efficiency.

19 Module 19: Equivalent Circuit, Measurements & Torque Plots
Download slide

Description: Derivation of the induction motor equivalent circuit and analysis of torque-speed characteristics.

20 Module 20: Rotor Design for Asynchronous Induction Machines (Part 1)

Description: Design of the rotor structure for induction machines, focusing on bar materials and shapes.

21 Module 21: Rotor Design for Asynchronous Induction Machines (Part 2)
Download slide

Description: Continued analysis of induction motor rotors, dealing with skewing and harmonic reduction.

22 Module 22: Performance Calculations for Inverter Fed Induction Machines
Download slide

Description: Analyzing how Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) and inverters affect the performance and losses of induction motors.

23 Module 23: Reluctance Synchronous Motors (RSM)
Download slide

Description: Introduction to synchronous reluctance motors, which generate torque via magnetic saliency rather than magnets.

24 Module 24: Reluctance Synchronous Machine Theory
Download slide

Description: Theoretical framework for RSM, defining the d-q axis inductances and torque equations.

25 Module 25: Rotor Design of Reluctance Synchronous Machines
Download slide

Description: Design techniques for RSM rotors, specifically flux barrier geometry to maximize the saliency ratio.

26 Module 26: Performance Analysis of Reluctance Synchronous Machines
Download slide

Description: Evaluating the efficiency, power factor, and torque ripple of Reluctance Synchronous Machines.

27 Module 27: PM-DC Brushless and PM-AC Synchronous Machines
Download slide

Description: Distinction between BLDC (trapezoidal back-EMF) and PMAC (sinusoidal back-EMF) machines.

28 Module 28: PM Synchronous Design Theory, SPM & IPM
Download slide

Description: Design theory for Surface Permanent Magnet (SPM) and Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) rotors.

29 Module 29: Permanent Magnet Rotor Design (SPM & IPM)
Download slide

Description: Mechanical and magnetic design constraints for PM rotors, including magnet retention and demagnetization protection.

30 Module 30: Performance Calculations for SPM & IPM Machines
Download slide

Description: Calculation of torque, speed, and efficiency for permanent magnet machines.

31 Module 31: Torque vs. Speed & Kt vs. Ke for Brushless Motors
Download slide

Description: Deep dive into the motor constants Kt (Torque) and Ke (Back-EMF) and their relationship to performance.

32 Module 32: PM Synchronous Generator Design Principles
Download slide

Description: Design considerations specifically for PM generators used in wind turbines and backup power.

33 Module 33: Thermal Design Considerations
Download slide

Description: Fundamentals of thermal management in electric machines, including heat generation and transfer paths.

34 Module 34: Electric Machine Cooling Strategies
Download slide

Description: Overview of cooling methods such as natural convection, forced air, liquid cooling, and oil spray.

35 Module 35: Mechanical Design Issues
Download slide

Description: Mechanical engineering aspects of motor design, including housing, bearings, and vibration analysis.

36 Module 36: Manufacturing Practices
Download slide

Description: Insight into the manufacturing processes for electric machines, including coil winding, impregnation, and assembly.